Inaudible Harm, Epistemologies of Evasion and the Metrics of Deep Unknowing

 by Burak Korkmaz Schwichow

This text is a theoretical excavation of the practice-based research presented in Nodular Fathoming. It articulates the critical framework behind the project's sonic interrogations of the deep seabed. The sonifications—which render geological time, bathymetric depth, and biochemical values into auditory experiences—function as epistemic probes. They are not illustrative representations but speculative translations, developed through processes of parameter mapping and spatial audio design to contour the limits of human perception and knowledge. This work posits sonification as a vital critical practice for engaging with the unknowable unknowables of the abyss, making palpable the voids and distortions inherent in the data and politics of deep-sea extraction.

Roughly 20% of the global seafloor has been mapped with high-resolution bathymetry¹, and even less has been biologically or chemically analysed. In the Clarion–Clipperton Zone alone, over 5,000 new species² are estimated to exist — the vast majority of which remain undescribed, unclassified, or poorly understood. We have long crossed the threshold. Past the stage of simply pointing to data voids, beyond the cartographer’s apology of “information not available.” We now stare into the deeper fracture — the unknowable unknowables.

It is the unutterability of what resists not only measurement, but even classification. What if the seabed hosts harms so thickly entangled with temporal and biological scales that they cannot be assimilated into a legend, a registry, a scientific appendix? These are not blank spots on the map awaiting expedition. These are phenomena that break the map — that refuse its gridded logic. In Morton’s sense, these oceanic unknowns behave like hyperobjects — massively distributed in time and space, yet impossible to fully perceive or contain³. To even consider them as data gaps is, as Haraway might note, a form of epistemological domestication — an attempt to tame unruly realities into neatly classifiable categories⁴.

This distortion finds its most perverse articulation in what criminology calls the dark figure — that which escapes official statistics. But here, in the ocean’s depth, it multiplies: dark data, dark acoustics, dark consequences. Not hidden by accident, but hidden by design. Instead, we receive noise. The kind of noise made by well-dressed Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs), where damage is pre-mitigated before it is recorded. Within this staged choreography, the International Seabed Authority (ISA) can act as an entity that writes the rules, sells the tickets, and referees the match. Harm is not denied — it is reformatted. Like changing the language of pain into a spreadsheet, or translating mortality into “low risk.”

Beneath this noise lies a deeper silence: a form of knowing that collapses under its own instruments. This is not a void that can be filled. It is an implosion. The very inability to translate these conditions into knowledge is what marks them. For Theodor W. Adorno, “the whole is the untrue.” Truth emerges where the system fails, where it cannot contain what it attempts to represent⁶. The deep sea, therefore, becomes a site where the very structure of knowing breaks down.


Speculative Sonification: Probing the Implosion

Faced with this collapse, representation is a failed project. My response is to develop a method of speculative sonification—not to illustrate or represent, but to unsettle, compress, and contour. Each sonified segment functions less like a caption and more like a fracture: an entry point into dimensions that evade textual or visual narrative. It is an attempt to use sound as a seismograph for epistemic collapse, to sonify the contours of our unknowing.

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Sonification Study: Manganese Nodule Formation Over Deep Time

Duration: ≈ 40 seconds (2 tracks combined)

Concept: A geological temporality of ten million years, compressed into human perception. The dataset encodes estimated nodule thickness at 50,000-year intervals.

Technical Process: A custom synthesizer (DRILL, developed in Ableton Max) operates within an E minor scale (E0 to E6). Two oscillators shape the sound: a low-pitched angled wave for the bass spectrum and a mid-pitched sine wave for harmonic presence. The stereo panning algorithm draws a circular motion across channels, echoing the slow, rotational growth. Crucially, distortion is mapped to estimated thickness values; the deeper the accretion, the more unstable and grainy the sonic surface becomes.

Theoretical Frame: This sonification performs the Mortonian hyperobject. It makes audible the tension of a timescale we cannot inhabit, resisting domestication into a stable data point. The increasing distortion is the sound of measurement breaking down.


Sonification Study: Bathymetry / Fallen Pad

Duration: ≈ 22 seconds

Concept: Rendering a segment of bathymetric data from the SO268 expedition as an auditory descent.

Technical Process: The synthesis uses a Fallen Pad structure in the F0–F2 frequency range. Sixteen key points—derived from sampled bathymetric transitions—are mapped to discrete pitches and filter cutoffs. Reverb depth increases with oceanic depth, producing a sonic mimicry of pressure and subaquatic acoustics. Sub-bass layers are introduced as a tactile presence of geological weight.

Theoretical Frame: This piece engages with the dark data of the abyss. The pad becomes a mnemonic field for the illegible. The sound is not an index of the terrain but an echo of its epistemic opacity—a direct response to the manufactured silence of prioritised ignorance.


Sonification Study: Challenger Stations / Atomic Modulation

Duration: ≈ 1 minute

Concept: Sonifying the latitude and longitude of HMS Challenger stations, treating geographical position as a primary modulator of sonic instability.

Technical Process: Built using the Atoms plugin, the piece maps location data to parameters like Chaos, Order, Overtones, Drive, and Force. Pitch is confined to a tight E1–E3 interval. Depth and surface temperature values act as secondary controls for feedback and modulation effects.

Theoretical Frame: This probe critiques the myth of the heroic, coherent scientific expedition. The result is a fragmented field of spatial noise, where historical measurement becomes a signal of tension, drift, and epistemic disorder—a sonic embodiment of Adorno’s negative dialectics, finding truth in the system's failure to cohere.


Conclusion: The Catharsis of Unknowing

No waveform can bridge this collapse. Because collapse is the point. These sonifications are not endpoints. They are interferences—speculative probes that make palpable the profound ethical implications of acting in the absence of knowledge.

This is the catharsis: not a crescendo of knowing, but a quiet and devastating recognition of our epistemological limits. It is the spreadsheet corrupted. The signal lost. The sonar echo that never returns.

We are not listening to the ocean. We are listening to our own need to make it legible. And in doing so, we drown out the abyssal truths it might contain. This is not a call to find new tools. It is an invitation to sit with the failure of the old ones, to acknowledge that the unknowns may not be unveiled, and to sound out the contours of that very unknowing.

Footnotes
¹ Seabed 2030 Project, The Nippon Foundation-GEBCO Seabed 2030 Map (2023).
² Amon, D. J., et al. “Insights into the abundance and diversity of abyssal megafauna in a polymetallic-nodule region in the eastern Clarion–Clipperton Zone,” Scientific Reports, vol. 6, 30492 (2016).
³ Timothy Morton, Hyperobjects: Philosophy and Ecology After the End of the World (University of Minnesota Press, 2013).
⁴ Donna Haraway, Staying with the Trouble: Making Kin in the Chthulucene (Duke University Press, 2016).
⁵ N. Katherine Hayles, How We Became Posthuman: Virtual Bodies in Cybernetics, Literature, and Informatics (University of Chicago Press, 1999).
⁶ Theodor W. Adorno, Negative Dialectics (1966).


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